Which of the following materials can replace asbestos?

The choice of refractive ceramic fibers, glass fibers, and rock and slag wool as alternatives to asbestos is based on their favorable properties for insulation and fire resistance. These materials are engineered to possess similar qualities to asbestos, such as high-temperature resistance, durability, and low thermal conductivity, making them suitable replacements in various applications.

Refractory ceramic fibers, for instance, are specifically designed for high-temperature insulation and are often used in industrial applications where heat resistance is crucial. Glass fibers serve a similar purpose but are typically used in construction and manufacturing due to their lightweight and resilient nature. Rock and slag wool are also effective insulators and provide good thermal and acoustic insulation, making them versatile for different building needs.

By utilizing these alternatives, industries can achieve safe working environments that minimize health risks associated with asbestos exposure. Other materials, like wood, cardboard, and silica-based materials, do not provide the same level of fire resistance or insulation properties as effective substitutes for asbestos. Additionally, the selection of safe and effective materials is vital for compliance with health and safety regulations, further underscoring the importance of the correct answer.