What should be avoided when cleaning up asbestos debris?

Using a broom and dustpan to clean up asbestos debris should be avoided because this method can disturb the fragile asbestos fibers, causing them to become airborne. Asbestos is a hazardous material that poses serious health risks, particularly when its fibers are inhaled. When using a broom, the sweeping action can easily release these fibers into the air, increasing the risk of exposure for anyone nearby.

In contrast, a HEPA vacuum is designed specifically for safely collecting hazardous materials like asbestos by trapping tiny particles that might otherwise escape, making it a suitable choice for such clean-ups. Standard vacuum cleaners are also not effective, as they may not contain the fibers and can spread them into the air just like a broom. While mops can be used in some scenarios, they may not be as effective in capturing potential airborne fibers compared to more specialized methods.

Thus, utilizing a broom and dustpan is inappropriate due to the potential for creating airborne hazards, which justifies why this option is the one to avoid.